Welcome to NVG Inc Saturday, December 07 2019 @ 11:57 PM UTC
By Jennifer Baker
Hodegon - New Varangian Guard
Feb 2008
Bronze age
Bronze Age (c2300-700 BC) |
Total Number of Hats- Caps - Headbands - 25 |
Iron Age to Early Medieval
Iron Age (c700 BC-43 AD) |
Total Number of Hats- Caps - Headbands - 14 |
Early Medieval 8 - 11th c
The 'Dark Ages' and the Anglo-Saxons (c410-1066) |
Total Number of Hats- Caps - Headbands - 27 |
High Medieval 12 - 14th c.
The medieval era/Middle Ages (1066-1485) |
Total Number of Hats- Caps - Headbands - 22 |
Location | Items Name / Cat No. | Description | Date |
Bronze age | |||
Sogaard Fen Jutland | Sogaard Fen Man | a cap | |
Haradskjaer Fen | Haradskjaer Fen Woman | a net cap done with sprang, a netting technique. | 5th century BC |
Huldre Fen also called Huldremose Denmark | Huldre Fen Woman #1 | a woolen hairband. | |
Denmark | a tablet-woven headband in dark brown/yellow/red, | ||
Duro-Europas (modern Syria) | Phrygian Cap | around 250 A.D. | |
Trindhøj Denmark | Broholm 996 | Hat primary material is wool Description: cap #2, En Hue af toskaftet Uldto|j |
Danish bronze age - 1356 BCE |
Trindhøj Denmark | Broholm 996 | Hat primary material is wool Description: tall cyllindrical hat |
Danish bronze age - 1356 BCE |
Jels Sogn Denmark | Broholm 1079 | Hat The primary material is wool Description: round cap with nap |
Danish bronze age - |
Borum Eshøj Denmark | Broholm 789, older man #3 (grave A) | Hat The primary material is wool Description: round cap |
Danish bronze age - 1345 BCE |
Borum Eshøj Denmark | Broholm 791, older woman #2 (grave C) | Hat The primary material is wool Description: sprang hairnet Woman's grave. |
Danish bronze age - 1345 BCE |
Skrydstrup Denmark | Broholm 1104 | Hat The primary material is wool Description: sprang. Woman's grave. |
Danish bronze age - |
(site unknown) Denmark | Hat The primary material is wool Description: round cap, unclear which one |
Danish bronze age - | |
(site unknown) Denmark | Hat The primary material is ? Description: multiple items, unclear number and distinction |
Danish bronze age - | |
Arden Denmark | Hat The primary material is wool Description: sprang hairnet Woman's grave open work bonnet. It was woven in the 'sprung' or 'sprang' technique. Her body dates to the beginning of the early Iron Age or a bit later |
Danish bronze age - early Iron Age or a bit later | |
Bredmose in Store Arden, Denmark | Bonnet from Bredmose in Store Arden, Denmark. Celtic Iron Age. (Hald, p. 25). | Celtic Iron Age | |
Daugbjerg Mose, Sollgaards Mose Denmark | Hat The primary material is leather Description: ? |
Danish bronze age - | |
Haraldskjaer Mose Denmark | Hat The primary material is wool Description: sprang hairnet Woman's grave |
Danish bronze age - | |
Trindhøj Denmark | Broholm 996 | Hat The primary material is ? Description: cap #1, En flosklaedt, halvrunde Hue |
Danish bronze age - 1356 BCE |
Lille Dragshøj, Højrup Sogn Denmark | Hat The primary material is wool Description: ? |
Danish bronze age - (c.1700 - 500 BC) | |
Goldhøj / Vester Vamdrup Sweden | Broholm 993 | Hat The primary material is wool Description: hat #1, Hue af toskaftet Uldto|j |
bronze age - late 2nd Millenium BCE |
Goldhøj / Vester Vamdrup Sweden | Broholm 993 | Hat The primary material is ? Description: hat #2, Hue med Flosbeklaedning, omdannet til en Kyse |
bronze age - late 2nd Millenium BCE |
Goldhøj / Vester Vamdrup Sweden | Broholm 993 | Hat The primary material is ? Description: unclear if this is hat #1 or #2 or another hat |
bronze age - late 2nd Millenium BCE |
Emmer-Erfscheidenveen Low Countries Netherlands | Hat The primary material is fur Description: the hat is sheepskin (fur inside, tail still attached) |
second half of the Bronze Age, sometime between 1310 and 1050 B.C. (Drents Museum, Assen, NL) | |
Bredmosen, Storarden sogn, Denmark | Bonnet made in sprang-technique | ||
"Søgårds Mose", Daugbjerg sogn, Denmark | small cap for a man a two piece skin hat |
||
Iron Age to Early Medieval | |||
Niya (excavation) On the Silk Road |
LOAN:STEIN.678 | Headwear hat The primary material is Felted wool, stitched together Description: Length 39.3 cm Width 33.5 cm This hat is made of felted yellow wool. The crown comprises five gored pieces of felt stitched to a brim made up of two panels. |
dates from the 2rd to the 3rd century AD. 100-200 AD. |
Bernuthsfeld Germany | Hat The primary material is leather Description: leather hat 3 piece hat |
7th c. Late Iron Age (e.g. Roman Empire, Migration Era) (based on Farke 2001) | |
Damendorf Seemoor Germany | Hat The primary material is wool Description: sprang hairnet Woman's grave |
2-5th centuries Late Iron Age (e.g. Roman Empire, Migration Era) | |
Hallstadt, Dürrnberg Austria | Hat The primary material is leather Description: hemispherical cap |
6-5th c. BCE Early Iron Age | |
Hallstadt, salt mines Austria | Hat The primary material is fur Description: beret-style The rim of the beret is interweaved with a leather lace to change the size. This cap is known from figurative chasing on sheet bronzes made in "situla style". 7-6th century BC |
6-5th c. BCE Early Iron Age | |
Hallstadt, salt mines Austria | Hat The primary material is fur Description: conical The cap is sewed accurately of tanned hide; the hairy side of the conical cap was worn inside. Its form reminds of the so-called "Phrygian cap". |
6-5th c. BCE Early Iron Age | |
Horchdorf Germany | Horchdorf Find | Birch bark hat conical hat made of birch bark and decorated with incised patterns Hat (made of bark from birch tree) diameter 34,5 cm; height 11 cm |
ca. 570-580 B.C. |
Tollund Denmark | Tollund Man | Hat The primary material is leather Description: pointed cap with chin-strap |
Late Iron Age (e.g. Roman Empire, Migration Era) Glob 1969 suggests ca. 0 CE |
Tollund bog, Jutland, Denmark | Fur hat with leather ribbons and buttons, from Tollund bog, Jutland, Denmark. Celtic Iron Age. (Munksgård, p. 191). | Celtic Iron Age | |
Hochdorf | birch hat This hat comes from the Hochdorf burial and has a diameter of 34.5 cm and a height of 11 cm. The burial dates to 300 BC |
300 BC | |
Guldhoj burial | hat | Iron Age (e.g. Roman Empire, Migration Era) | |
Oglakhty russia | Hat Tashtyk Culture. Oglakhty Burial, Hermitage, St. Petersburg |
3rd - 4th century, | |
Moshchevaya Balka russia | Headdress designed like helmet, covered with Sogdian Silk, culture of the Adygo-Alanian tribes. Moshchevaya Balka, Hermitage, St.Petersburg |
8th-9th century | |
Sutton Hoo England | otter-fur cap | To no later then 650 c.e | |
Early Medieval 8 - 11th c. | |||
Novgorod Russia | Hat made of roots in the manner of a rush hat and shaped like a straw boater | ||
Gugeri Latvia/Lithuania | Grave no. 30 | Hat The primary material is wool Description: hat, fragmentary, may not be suffient to use |
11th c. CE |
Speyer Germany | Henry IV (HRE) hat | Hat The primary material is silk Description: cap of maintenance |
1104 |
Dublin Ireland | E172:14370, DHC40 | Cap The primary material is silk Description: Tabby z/z loose weave, dark reddish gray. Rectangular hood/cap, finished dimensions 160mm wide, 270mm high, upper back "point" stitched to follow head but not trimmed. Ties made from sewn fabric tubes. Patched. Woman's grave |
early-mid 10th c. per Heckett 2003 |
Dublin Ireland | E172:10540, DHC32 | Cap The primary material is wool Description: Tabby weave z/z, open weave, dark reddish brown. Rectangular hood/cap, finished dimensions 180mm wide, 230mm high, upper back "point" stitched to follow head but not trimmed Woman's grave |
early-mid 10th c. per Heckett 2003 |
Dublin Ireland | Hat The primary material is ? Description: netted hair-net Woman's grave ? |
11-12th c. | |
Dublin Ireland | E172:11205, DHC33 | Cap The primary material is wool Description: Tabby weave z/z, open weave, very dark brown. Rectangular hood/cap, finished dimensions 170mm wide, 225mm high, upper back "point" stitched to follow head and slightly trimmed. Front edge has couched woolen cord. Woman's grave |
early-mid 10th c. per Heckett 2003 |
Dublin Ireland | E190:7431, DHC35 | Cap The primary material is wool Description: Tabby weave z/z, open weave, very dark brown. Rectangular hood/cap, finished dimensions 160mm wide, 220mm high, upper back "point" stitched to follow head but not trimmed. Woman's grave |
mid/late 10th c. per Heckett 2003 |
Dublin Ireland | E172:10959, DHC37 | Cap The primary material is silk Description: Tabby weave z/untwisted, light olive brown. Rectangular hood/cap, finished dimensions 170mm wide, 390mm high, upper back "point" stitched to follow head but not trimmed. Woman's grave |
mid/late 10th c. per Heckett 2003 |
Dublin Ireland | E172:13590, DHC39 | Cap The primary material is silk Description: Tabby weave z/untwisted, dark yellowish brown. Rectangular hood/cap, finished dimensions 155mm wide, 240mm high, upper back "point" stitched to follow head but not trimmed. Woman's grave |
mid 10th c. per Heckett 2003 |
York England | 16-22 Coppergate, York, no. 1372 | Cap The primary material is silk Description: cap/hood of "Viking" style, cf. Dublin material Woman's grave |
10th century per Heckett 2003 |
York England | 16-22 Coppergate No. 1332. | Silk headdress | Viking Era? |
York England | item #? | Silk headdress, | Viking Era? |
York England | 5-7 Coppergate No. 651. | Silk headdress | Viking Era? |
Birka Sweeden | Grave Bj 798 | headband | |
Birka Sweeden | Grave Bj 944 | ||
Birka Sweeden | Grave Bj 958 | silver brocaded band Birka grave 958- Arbmans "Birka - die Gräber", page 383 |
|
Birka Sweeden | Grave Bj 976 | SIX PIECES SKULL CAP wool, linen bands - |
|
Birka Sweeden | Grave Bj 644 | Rus hat with conical silver terminal mounts Silk a woven gold wire 'passement' band was apparently fastened from the brow to the peak (Hägg 1986). |
|
Birka Sweeden | Grave Bj 581 | Rus hat with conical silver terminal mounts Silk Traces of silk were found on the inside of the mounts. In one case, the hat was further decorated with four woven silver wire pendants |
|
Birka Sweeden | Grave Bj 832 | Type B hat | |
Moscevaja Balka | Moscevaja Balka caps | Cap - tapered sections that fit together into a round crown | |
Saltergate, Lincoln England | Cap The primary material is silk Description: A rectangular textile with ties attached to the corners and possibly sewing in the style of the Dublin "hood-caps" (q.v.). |
Heckett 2003 discusses it in a generally 10-11th c. context | |
Dublin Ireland | E172:15235, DHC25 | Headband The primary material is silk Description: Tabby z/z open weave, dark reddish brown (madder detected). 100mm wide between selvedges, at least 580mm long ending in fringes (45mm). Woman's grave |
mid 10th c. per Heckett 2003 |
Dublin Ireland | E172:13714, DHC6 | Scarf The primary material is wool Description: fringed head scarf, see other more complete examples for typical dimensions Woman's grave |
mid 10th c. per Heckett 2003 |
Dublin Ireland | E172:7672, DHC1 | Scarf The primary material is wool Description: Tabby weave z/z, dark reddish brown. 180mm wide (between selvedges), partial length 480mm with fringes (35 mm) at one end, the other end is incomplete. Woman's grave |
late 10th/early 11th c. per Heckett 2003 |
Dublin Ireland | E172:14623, DHC7 | Scarf The primary material is silk Description: Tabby weave z/z, open crepy weave, reddish brown (madder detected). 220mm wide (between selvedges), 610mm long with fringes (20-50mm) at both ends. Woman's grave |
late 10th c. per Heckett 2003 |
High Medieval 12 - 14th c. | |||
St. Peter Church, Salzburg | Mitre now in Abbeg Foundation (Riggisberg), initially St. Peter Church, Salzburg | 12th century, | |
Eveche, Lausanne | Burial mitre of bishop Amadeus (1159), now in Musee Historique de LAncien Eveche, Lausanne | 1159 | |
(site unknown) France | Ecclesiastical hat The primary material is silk Description: made from various relic scraps |
13th c. | |
(site unknown) Poland | Hat The primary material is ? Description: coif, fragmentary |
14th c. | |
(site unknown) Poland | Hat The primary material is ? Description: coif, fragmentary |
14th c. | |
Herjolfsnes Greenland | No. 83 | Hat The primary material is wool Description: short round cap
|
14th c., 2nd half |
Herjolfsnes Greenland | No. 84 | Hat The primary material is ? Description: not preserved
|
14th c., 2nd half |
Herjolfsnes Greenland | No. 85 | Hat The primary material is ? Description: child's round cap
|
14th c., 2nd half |
Herjolfsnes Greenland | No. 86 | Hat The primary material is ? Description: boy's round cap
|
14th c., 2nd half |
Herjolfsnes Greenland | No. 87 | Hat The primary material is wool Description: tall round cap This conical hat is made of two bands of cloth sewn one on top of the other, and with a gore in back. It should be noted that as with the construction of the other Herjolfsnes caps, the crown is made of two separate pieces. There is a narrow hemming, deepest in front, but gradually narrowing towards the rear
|
14th c., 2nd half radiocarbon dated to about 1300 CE (calibrated C-14 1280-1380 CE) |
Burgos Spain/Portugal | Fernando the infante coif | Hat The primary material is ? Description: coif Coif of infante Fernando of Castile (1189-1211), silk with gold embroidery, Convent Las Huelgas near Burgos |
13th c. |
Burgos Spain/Portugal | Enrique coif | Hat The primary material is ? Description: coif |
13th c. |
Burgos Spain/Portugal | Fernando de la Cerda hat | Hat The primary material is ? Description: round hat w/beaded lions and castles |
13th c. |
St. Vitus Cathedral, Praha Czech Republic | Rudloph I of Hapsburg, King of Bohemia cap | Cap The primary material is silk Description: A fitted hemispherical cap worn under the crown. Made in two halves, each pieced of smaller strips. |
buried with the wearer in 1307 |
Birgittine Convent of Maria Refugie, Uden, Holland Low Countries | Birgitta (saint) of Sweden cap | Cap The primary material is linen Description: A shaped rounded cap/coif, seamed down the midline. The bottom part of the front edge is gathered slightly and a tie is attached at this corner. The technical drawing suggests that the front edge and midline seam are both covered by decorative braid, although the tie appears to be plain cloth. Woman's grave |
Heckett 2003 describes simply as 14th c. |
Palermo, Sicily Italy | Friedrich II (HRE) | Hat The primary material is ? Description: cap-like crown with hanging side pendants |
13th c.? |
London, England | No. 333. | Silk veil. Rolled hem with long diagonal hemstitching wrapped around the roll. Hem is less than 1mm deep with approx. 5-6 stitches per cm | 14th century, Late |
London, England | No. 334. | Silk veil. Rolled hem with long diagonal hemstitching wrapped around the roll. Hem is less than 1mm deep with approx. 5-6 stitches per cm | 14th century, Late |
Little Sampford Church, Essex, England | Hat from Little Sampford Cache | Hat The hat is made from blue felted wool, without any seams. The brim is covered in cream colored tabby woven silk in four sections, and gold wire. Ivory colored tabby woven silk lines the the brim and the inside of the hat. The brim has a red satin woven silk binding along the edge, and a cream silk and silver gilt cord. More information can be found at www.concealedgarments.org. |
date from around 1350 |
Baynard's Castle, London, England | a fragment of a Wool Brimmed Cap | circa the 2nd quarter of the 14th century | |
Haute-Savoie, France | Mitre with the Coronation of the Virgin worked in gold and silk ground, mid 14th century, Sixt Parish Church, Haute-Savoie, France |
14th century | |
Clunny, Paris, France | Mitre silk embroidery by gold thread, late 14th century, Museum Clunny, Paris |
14th century |
Thank you to the following people - For helping to case
down, the details on some of the Hats & caps
Cherilyn Fuhlbohm - Antioch New Varangian Guard
Andrea Willett - Dubh Linn New Varangian Guard
Sandy Sempel - Frojel Gotlantica Viking Re-enactment Society
Prof Lena Strid - Waterford & Oxford Archaeology
Web References :
Book Reference:
Thor Ewing 'Viking Clothing' Tempus Publishing 2006 ISBN
0 7524 3587 6
Margrethe Hald, "Olddanske tekstiler". Det
kongelige Nordiske Oldskriftsselskab, Nordisk Forlag 1950.
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